Acceptable dead space in lungs2/20/2024 A hallmark of shunt physiology is that it is poorly responsive to increased levels of oxygen (because blood isn’t coming anywhere close to ventilated alveoli). Examples include an anatomic abnormality (e.g., ventricular septal defect) or complete dysfunction of parts of the lung (e.g., mucus plugging of one lobe of the lung). Shunt physiology: Blood flows from the right ventricle to the left ventricle without ever coming into contact with oxygenated alveoli at all.Increasing the concentration of inhaled oxygen generally fixes this problem – because even poorly ventilated areas of the lung will now get enough oxygen. Taken together, the net result is hypoxemia. Alternatively, blood flowing to areas of the lung with excess ventilation will not be saturated over 100%. Blood going to portions of the lung which are inadequately ventilated will be starved of oxygen.
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